Maret 2013

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generic structure of 13 types the English text

Posted by Almaida A. Ade Ninggar Selasa, 26 Maret 2013 0 komentar

RECOUNT
Purpose: to retell something that happened in the past and to tell a series of past event
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Event(s)
3. Reorientation
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Using adjectives
Narrative and recount in some ways are similar. Both are telling something in the past so narrative and recount usually apply PAST TENSE; whether Simple Past Tense, Simple Past Continuous Tense, or Past Perfect Tense. The ways narrative and recount told are in chronological order using time or place. Commonly narrative text is found in story book; myth, fable, folklore, etc while recount text is found in biography.
The thing that makes narrative and recount different is the structure in which they are constructed. Narrative uses conflicts among the participants whether natural conflict, social conflict or psychological conflict. In some ways narrative text combines all these conflicts. In the contrary, we do not find these conflicts inside recount text. Recount applies series of event as the basic structure

DESCRIPTIVE
Purpose: to describe a particular person, place or thing in detail.
Dominant Generic Structure:
1. Identification
2. Description
Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Using adverb
4. Using special technical terms

REPORT
Purpose: to presents information about something, as it is.
Generic Structure
1. General classification
2. Description
Dominant Language Feature
1. Introducing group or general aspect
2. Using conditional logical connection
3. Using Simple Present Tense

EXPLANATION
Purpose: To explain the processes involved in the formation or working of natural or socio-cultural phenomena.
Generic Structure:
1. General statement
2. Explanation
3. Closing
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using action verbs
3. Using passive voice
4. Using noun phrase
5. Using adverbial phrase
6. Using technical terms
7. Using general and abstract noun
8. Using conjunction of time and cause-effect.

ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
Purpose: To reveal the readers that something is the important case
Generic Structure:
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Reiteration/Conclusion
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using modals
2. Using action verbs
3. Using thinking verbs
4. Using adverbs
5. Using adjective
6. Using technical terms
7. Using general and abstract noun
8. Using connectives/transition

HORTATORY EXPOSITION
Purpose: to persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be done
Generic Structure:
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Recommendation
Dominant Language features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using modals
3. Using action verbs
4. Using thinking verbs
5. Using adverbs
6. Using adjective
7. Using technical terms
8. Using general and abstract noun
9. Using connectives/transition
Then what is the basic difference between analytical and hortatory exposition. In simple word. Analytical is the answer of “How is/will” while hortatory is the answer of “How should”. Analytical exposition will be best to describe “How will student do for his examination? The point is the important thing to do. But for the question” How should student do for his exam?” will be good to be answered with hortatory. It is to convince that the thing should be done

PROCEDURE
Purpose: to help readers how to do or make something completely
Generic Structure:
1. Goal/Aim
2. Materials/Equipments
3. Steps/Methods
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using Imperatives sentence
3. Using adverb
4. Using technical terms

DISCUSSION
Purpose: to present information and opinions about issues in more one side of an issue (‘For/Pros’ and ‘Against/Cons’)
Generic Structure:
1. Issue
2. Arguments for and against
3. Conclusion
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Use of relating verb/to be
3. Using thinking verb
4. Using general and abstract noun
5. Using conjunction/transition
6. Using modality
7. Using adverb of manner

REVIEW
Purpose: to critique or evaluate an art work or event for a public audience
dominant Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Evaluation
3. Interpretative Recount
4. Evaluation
5. Evaluative Summation
Dominant Language features:
1. Focus on specific participants
2. Using adjectives
3. Using long and complex clauses
4. Using metaphor

ANECDOTE
Purpose: to share with others an account of an unusual or amusing incident
Generic Structure:
1. Abstract
2. Orientation
3. Crisis
4. Reaction
5. Coda.
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using exclamations, rhetorical question or intensifiers
2. Using material process
3. Using temporal conjunctions

SPOOF
Purpose: to tell an event with a humorous twist and entertain the readers
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Event(s)
3. Twist
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Using adverb
4. Chronologically arranged

NEWS ITEM
Purpose: to inform readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important
Dominant Generic Structure:
1. Newsworthy event(s)
2. Background event(s)
3. Sources
Dominant Language Features:
1. Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline
2. Using action verbs
3. Using saying verbs
4. Using adverbs : time, place and manner.

A. NARRATIVE
Purpose: To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story
Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Complication
3. Resolution
4. Reorientation
Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Chronologically arranged

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contoh percakapan tentang "agreement and disagreement"

Posted by Almaida A. Ade Ninggar 0 komentar

One day, Rara was communicated with Liza in a park. Rara was her new friend in a school. They were talking about their hobbies.

Rara : Hi Liza, may I ask about your hobby ?

Liza : of course, my hobby is watching movie.

Rara : what is your favorite movie ?

Liza : I would rather spongebob squarepants movie.

Rara : what ?

Spongebob squarepants movie ?

Why you like that ?

Liza : hm......I think, it is so funny. Especially spongebob is very childish.

Rara : ya, I agree with you.

Liza : how about you ? do you like spongebob squarepants movie like me ?

Rara : oh no !

: I do not like that. Because, I would rather spend my free time to read the book or listen to the music.

Liza : wow.....that is a good idea. But, you like watching the movie are not you ?

Rara : ya, I like that but I am not dependence like you.

Liza : I believe it.

Will you come to my house if I invite you to watch the movie ?

Do not worry, I have several movie in my collection. You can choose anything what you like.

Rara : I think so. I will come to your house.

Liza : thank you.

Rara : you are welcome,

After that, they came back to their home, because the rain will came down.

*semoga bermanfaat*

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contoh Narrative text

Posted by Almaida A. Ade Ninggar 0 komentar

Cindy is Not Cinderella

At the senior high school of Paramadina Jakarta in the third years, there was a student named Cindy. She wore a long uniform and thick glasses. Her hair like a horse’s tail, a lot of acne on her face and Cindy brought a thick books. It was half past seven at morning, Cindy arrived at the school by “onthel” old bike a legacy from her grandfather. Cindy was smart student, friendly and kind. In fact, her friends always asked her to do their homework.

One day, the headmaster gave an announcement that the final test of university will be held on June 3, 2012. Before that, the headmaster suggested to students to prepare start at now. And the headmaster said “you will pass the exam if you study hard”.

In the Cindy’s classroom, she was laughing stock by her friends. Especially Faza, Yuri and Emily. They were so famous at the school, because they were so beautiful and rich man, but so arrogant. Cindy often justiced that they were with the name “troublemaker”, because they always distrubed her. Not only it, they forced her to do their homework from the teacher and treated Cindy very badly.

At once, when Cindy was in the canteen, the “trouble maker” approached her.

“Hi Cindy, are you alone ?” Emily asked smilingly.

“As you see. If you want to join with me, with my pleasure” said Cindy.

“Are you sure ?” asked Yuri.

“Yeah, I am sure” said Cindy.

“Oh no, you are false if you want to join with her. Look that ! she looks very strange” said Faza laughly.

After that, they were laughing and Cindy stayed at this chair.

Everytime at the school, Cindy was alone, because no one to become her closed friend. In the morning on Tuesday, all of student at the third years closed together in a school auditorium. They were following the agenda to introduce all of the campus in Indonesia and several University outside in Indonesia. The students so enthusiastic when followed this agenda. Included Cindy and the “trouble maker”. They sat beside her. Cindy heard about their conversation, they said that

“Faza, are you sure that you will choose the Economic Faculty in University of Indonesia right ?” asked Yuri.

“Of course, I am sure. I think, nothing is impossible in my life” said Faza.

“And Emily, are you sure that you will chroose the Tourism Faculty in Gajah Mada University ?” asked Yuri.

“Ya, I am sure that” said Emily.

“And, the last you are Yuri, how about you?” said Faza.

“Do not worry, I will be a doctor like my brother, I will choose a school of medicine in Padjajaran University” said Yuri.

“Wow, thats a good dream guys, I am sure that we are the best” said Emily.

Cindy just gave her smile when heard their conversation.

Cindy studied hard to pass the test anymore. All this time, no one knew her choosen of university. Different with Faza, Yuri, and Emily, they wasted their free time to hang out or to watch the movie in cinema.

A few months later

Last week, they were executed the final test. At last, in the auditorium, the headmaster was announced the latter from the side of university as the result of the test. And the “troublemaker” poured that were a lucky people.

“my beloved students, I am proud with your outcome test. Although, any of students was failed. But, more than make we are proud, that one of your friend are getting the higest score, she has the best achievement and pass at the school of medicine in Indonesian University and Gajah Mada University, not only it, she also pass in University of Oxford, England. She is CINDY FAMELA from the class of sains 1” said the headmaster.

So sureprised, all the people in the auditorium geve an applause. Cindy looked so happy until was crying. And the member of “troublemaker” was failed to pass the test. They were so shocked and can not accepted about this. And the most sureprised, that Cindy came together with her parents. Cindy’s father was one of all the succes people in Jakarta. But, Cindy so smart to hide her the real identity. Before that, Faza was shocked. “Faza, why are you so quite all the time ? what happen ?”Emily broke the silent.

Emily, Yuri and Faza can not believe when knew that Cindy’s father was the boss of Faza’s father at the office.

After a while, Cindy showed up herself. She can not used her old bike again, nothing acne on her face, and changed her thick glasses into softlens.

Now, the first time, she went to school with her driver by mercedess e-class car and made all the students so curiously

“who is in the car?”

When she went out from the car, all of the students was stunning. In fact, that was Cindy. Now, she became so beautiful like a princess and her performens changed totally.

Finally, all of the friends never distrubed her again and they treated instead her so kind.

The end

*_*

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